HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE BIOREACTORS: PERFORMANCE AND APPLICATIONS

Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors provide a novel platform for a variety of biotechnological systems. Their compact design allows for {highyield and favorable operating conditions. The characteristics of the hollow fibers facilitates mass transfer between the internal environment and the surrounding media, enabling efficient cell growth. Some

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) employing polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes have emerged as a promising technology for wastewater treatment due to their high efficiency in removing both organic and inorganic pollutants. This article presents a detailed performance evaluation of PVDF membrane bioreactors, examining key variables such as permeate